Harnesk (rustning)






Harnesk för kaptenlöjtnanten vid Livdrabantkåren, från början av 1800-talet


Harnesk var under medeltiden krigarens hela rustning av metall och var senare benämning på bröst och ryggskydd. I Sverige användes på 1500-talet även benämningen kyritz och på 1700- och 1800-talen benämndes kyrassiärernas bröst- och ryggharnesk kyrass.


Under 1500-talet och början av 1600-talet betecknade harnesk fortfarande rustning, men rustning av smidd stålplåt till skillnad från rustning av pansar, det vill säga smidesjärn som utmärkte sig för stor seghet, som under denna tid helt kommit ur bruk. När förbättringar av eldvapnen nödvändiggjorde tjockare och tyngre harnesk, minskade man totalvikten genom att avlägsna umbärliga delar, och vid 1600-talets mitt avlade såväl pikenerare som rytteri dessa mer eller mindre fullständiga harnesk. Vid rytteriet bibehölls för manskapet bröst- och ryggharnesk, och under slutet av århundradet använde manskapet enbart bröstharnesk. Med införandet av lätt kavalleri upphörde användandet av harnesk och i Sverige avlades de fullständigt 1815.


Harnesken var fodrade med skinn eller tyg. "Skottfritt" kallas ett harnesk, som vid provskjutning motstått sin tids gevär och de bär märke efter provskottet.



Källor |




  • Harnesk i Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagan, 1909)


  • Nordisk familjebok 1952-55års upplaga/ Rustning




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